\documentclass{yannick}
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% Titlepage %%%%
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\title{LaTeX template for scripts }
\author{by Yannick Kees \\ {\small University Bonn}}
\date{Summer 2021 }
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\pagestyle{fancy}
\lhead{\textsc{Template file - Yannick Kees}}
\cfoot{\thepage }
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\newpage
\section{Examples for using this class}
% You can use 'dfn', 'satz', 'satzb', 'satzn', 'satznb', 'lem', 'lemn', 'lemnb', 'lemb', 'korollar'
% 'yannick' & 'problem'
\begin{dfn}
We define the \textbf{Laplace-operator} as
\begin{align*}
\Delta f = \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_i^2}
\end{align*}
\end{dfn}
\begin{satznb}{Fundamentallemma of calcus of variations}
Let $\Omega$ be an open subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$ and $\Phi:\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ be lokal integrable. If for any function $v:\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ with compact support the integral
\begin{align*}
\int\limits_{\Omega} \Phi(x)v(x)\,\mathrm{d}x
\end{align*}
vanishes, then $\Phi(x) = 0$ nearly everywhere.
\end{satznb}
\begin{satzn}{First green identity}
{
Let $\omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be compact and $\phi$ and $\psi$ are two functions on $\Omega$, where $\phi$ is once and $\psi$ is twice differentable. Then
\begin{align*}
\int\limits_\Omega \phi \Delta(\psi)+\nabla\phi\cdot\nabla\psi\,\mathrm{d}m^d = \int\limits_{\partial \Omega}\phi \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial n}\,\mathrm{d}m^{d-1}
\end{align*}
}
We use the gaußsche Integral formula to see that
\begin{align*}
\int\limits_{\partial \Omega}\phi \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial n}\,\mathrm{d}m^{d-1}&= \int\limits_{\partial \Omega}(\phi\nabla\psi)\cdot \vec{n}\,\mathrm{d}m^{d-1}\\
&= \int\limits_\Omega \nabla\mathrm{div}(\phi\nabla\psi)\\
&= \int\limits_\Omega \phi \Delta(\psi)+\nabla\phi\cdot\nabla\psi\,\mathrm{d}m^d
\end{align*}
\end{satzn}
\begin{korollar}
If $\mathcal{L}u\geq 0$ in $\Omega$, then $u$ obtains its minimum in the boundary of $\Omega$.
\end{korollar}
\begin{dfn}
A problem is called \textbf{well posed}\index{well posed} if there exists a solution, that is unique and depends continuously on its data.
\end{dfn}
\begin{problem}{Laplace-Equation}{
\begin{align*}
\Delta u(x)&=0 && \text{for }x\in\Omega \\
u(x)&=g(x) &&\text{for }x\in \Gamma
\end{align*}
}\end{problem}
\begin{lem}
{
Stability implies $\|A^{-1}_h\|_{\infty }\leq C_s$ and this bound is independent of $h$.
}
Let $\vec{v}_h$ be the coefficient vector of $v_h$ and $\vec{w}:= A_h\vec{v}_h $ is the coefficient vector of $\mathcal{L}_hv_h$
\begin{align*}
\|A^{-1}_h\vec{w}_h\|_{\infty }=\|\vec{v}_h \|_{\infty}=\|v_h \|_{\Omega}\leq C_s \|\mathcal{L}_hv_h \|_{\overline{\Omega_h}} = C_s\|A_h\vec{v}_h \|_{\infty}=C_s\|\vec{w}_h \|_{\infty}
\end{align*}
Then $\|A^{-1}_h\|_{\infty }$ is the smallest number for which this inequality holds.
\end{lem}
\begin{yannick}{
In contrast to Dirichlet boundary conditions, Neumann boundary conditions are not directly built into the search space. Therefore they are also calles \textbf{natural boundary conditions}.
}\end{yannick}
\begin{lemn}{Comparison Principle}
{
If $\mathcal{L}u\leq\mathcal{L}v$ in $\Omega$ and $u\leq v$ in the boundary, then $u\leq v$ in $\overline{\Omega}$.
}
We use the maximum principle for
\begin{align*}
\mathcal{L}(v-u)\leq 0
\end{align*}
Then $(v-u)\leq 0$ in $\overline{\Omega}$.
\end{lemn}
\begin{lemb}
Let $\mathcal{L}$ be uniformly elliptic. Then there exists a constant $c:=c(\Omega,\alpha)$, such that
\begin{align*}
|u(\vec{x})|\leq \max_{\vec{z}\in\Gamma}|u(\vec{z})|+c\cdot\sup_{\vec{z}\in\Omega}|(\mathcal{L}u )(\vec{z})| &&\forall u\in C^2(\Omega)\cap C(\overline{\Omega}),\ \vec{x}\in\Omega
\end{align*}
\end{lemb}
\begin{satz}
{
The space $C^\infty$ is dense in $H^m(\Omega)$.
}
This theorem was proofen in 1964 by Meyers and Serrin. ($H=W$).
\end{satz}
\end{document}

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