Document Structure

How to Add an Abstract in LaTeX

An abstract summarizes your paper's key points. LaTeX provides an abstract environment for this.

Basic Abstract

Use the abstract environment after \maketitle:

\documentclass{article}
\title{My Research Paper}
\author{John Smith}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
This paper investigates the effects of... We found that...
Our results suggest that...
\end{abstract}

\section{Introduction}
...

Abstract in Report Class

Reports place abstracts on a separate page:

\documentclass{report}
\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Your abstract here. In the report class, this 
appears on its own page.
\end{abstract}

\tableofcontents
\chapter{Introduction}

Custom Abstract Heading

Change the abstract title:

\renewcommand{\abstractname}{Executive Summary}

Abstract with Keywords

Add keywords after the abstract:

\begin{abstract}
This paper presents...

\noindent\textbf{Keywords:} machine learning, neural networks, NLP
\end{abstract}

💡 Tips

•Most journals have specific abstract word limits (usually 150-300 words)
•Keep abstracts self-contained—avoid citations if possible
•Some templates provide \keywords{} commands

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